9 MAY 2011											17

WHIT WEEKEND/ WHIT: la Pentecôte  
WHITSUN (tide) = 	the weekend
WHIT SUNDAY & WHIT MONDAY		WHITSUN
PENTECOST
PONTIUS PILATE:     Ponce Pilate
A SPEECH IMPEDIMENT: un défaut d’élocution.
George VI had the same impediment with the ‘R’, and he stammered.
IMPEDIMENT: 		obstacle.
STAMMER:		bégayer/ bégaiement
MAKE FUN OF:		se moquer de
ON PURPOSE:		exprès
PURPOSE:		intention, but (adv.purposely)
UPSIDE DOWN:		à l’envers
IT’S A DODDLE = it’s very easy: c’est simple comme bonjour, c’est un jeu d’enfant.
SWALLOW:		hirondelle.
SWALLOW: (Of food) gorgée avaler (fig. story) gober. To swallow up: engloutir.
RAPE:				viol/ violer.
DRAINS:		égouts.
RUNNING WATER:	eau courante
WATER SUPPLY:	service des eaux (ville)
BAN:				interdiction, interdit./Interdire (vtr BANNED). To ban somebody from doing something.
THE CARETAKER:	le gardien
THE DEPUTY HEAD:	le proviseur adjoint
THE PERSON IN CHARGE- I had to check the identity cards and the notifications.
It depends on the type of exams.
A SHEET OF PAPER:	feuille (de papier)
A COMPETITIVE EXAM: concours. ENTRANCE EXAM
EAR PLUGS:		boules Quiès.
THE AVERAGE:		la moyenne
TO GET A GOOD MARK OR A BAD MARK: avoir une bonne note / une mauvaise note
TO MARK: corriger, noter
MARKING SCHEME :  barème		
THE ARGUMENT:	raisonnement
TO BE TOTALLY FAIR is difficult: juste
IN ALL FAIRNESS:		en toute justice

Word order/ adverbs with the verb

1-Make ten sentences from the box.
1.	I am not often late.
2.	I’m often tired when I swim a long time.
3.	Young mothers are sometimes depressed.
4.	I’ve never seen ghosts even in Scotland.
5.	My granddaughter is always in love and always happy.
6.	Hooligans are always in trouble with the police.
7.	I am usually worried about my children.
8.	This poor woman is often tired.
9.	The teacher is never bad-tempered.
10.	French people are not always friendly to foreigners.
Bad-tempered: grincheux, de mauvaise humeur.
Bad-mannered: mal élevé
Depressed: déprimé
I’m worried about that: cela m’inquiète

2- Make ten sentences beginning I have often/never…
1.	I have never spent such beautiful holidays!
2.	I have often bought flowers for my mother.
3.	I have never learned how to play golf.
4.	I have often decorated eggs at Easter.
5.	I have never met your parents yet.
6.	I’ve often left the key in the front door.
7.	I’ve often climbed mountains but I’ve never climbed Mount Everest.
8.	I have never bet on horses.
9.	I’ve never taken a look at this instruction booklet.
10.	I’ve often been dogged with ill-luck.

3- Say how often you do some of the following things.
1.	I often eat chocolate.
2.	I sometimes read poetry.
3.	I don’t often go skiing.
4.	I occasionally get headaches.
5.	I never stay in bed late.
6.	I usually write letters.
7.	I don’t often forget people’s names.
8.	I sometimes go to the cinema alone (more elegant, written engl.)/ on my own/by myself.
9.	I usually have bad dreams.
10.	I occasionally go to the doctor.

Henry VI's Minority 
The last king of the Lancastrian dynasty, Henry VI was born at Windsor Castle on 6th December, 1421 and became King of England in his cradle; he was barely nine months old when his famous father, Henry V, died of dysentery on campaign in France. Two months later he became King of France also, when his grandfather, the mentally unstable Charles VI, died. 
During Henry's minority, the war in France had been executed loyally and ably by his paternal uncle, John, Duke of Bedford. He struggled with the almost impossible task of retaining his brother's conquests in France. England was ruled by a council led by Humphrey, Duke of Gloucester, the youngest of Henry V's brothers.
In November 1429, the young king was considered old enough to undergo the arduous coronation ceremony and was crowned at Westminster Abbey when he was eight years old. The following year, at the age of nine, he crossed to his French kingdom and was crowned King of France at Notre Dame. In the streets of Paris he was observed from an upper storey window by his notorious grandmother, Isabeau of Bavaria, the wanton widow of Charles VI, whom the young king courteously doffed his hat to.
Henry's mother, Catherine of Valois, died in 1437 amidst scandal, when it was discovered that the Dowager Queen had contracted a secret marriage with her Welsh clerk of the wardrobe, Owen Tudor and had borne him several children, three sons and a daughter. Henry later created his two elder half-brothers, Edmund and Jasper Tudor, Earls of Richmond and Pembroke respectively. Both were later to play leading parts in the Wars of the Roses, and the elder, Edmund, was to become the father of King Henry VII, the founder of England's Tudor dynasty. Owen Tudor was summoned before the king's council to explain his conduct, but was released without punishment, and ended his days in 1461, when after fighting on the Lancastrian side at the Battle of Mortimer's Cross, he was beheaded on the orders of Henry's supplanter, Edward IV.
The wheel of fortune had begun to turn against the English in France. Joan of Arc led the French to victory, and by 1453, all of the great Henry V's conquests, apart from Calais, were lost.